Researchers analyzed 80 million food and beverage purchases in the U.S. from 2008 to 2012. They found that products labeled with low-sugar, low-fat, or low-salt claims often had a poorer nutritional profile compared to those without such claims. In fact, according to chief investigator Lindsey Smith Taillie, items that were high in calories, sodium, sugar, or fat were more likely to feature low- or no-content claims. The government’s role in creating such a confusing landscape is significant, as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) permits food and beverage manufacturers to use various labeling claims differently across products. This study highlights that instead of providing clarity on nutritional information, these claims may have exacerbated the confusion.
The FDA is currently working on modernizing its labeling guidelines, beginning with the definition of the term “healthy.” This term was established two decades ago, driven by efforts to reduce fat intake and promote nutrient-rich foods. Today, some sugary cereals can still qualify as “healthy” under this outdated definition, while products like almonds do not. As the agency considers feedback on how to best articulate labeling claims, it must proceed with caution to ensure that the information is straightforward and accurate.
In research shared at a public hearing regarding the redefinition of “healthy,” FDA researchers revealed that nine out of ten consumers rely on health claims to influence their purchasing decisions. Studies indicated that consumers were inclined to believe a wide array of products—ranging from chips to candy—that carried health-related claims were healthier than those without such claims. This situation underscores the importance of transparency and accuracy in food labeling.
Additionally, the study emphasizes that consumers should be aware of products fortified with kosher calcium citrate, as these items can also feature health claims that may mislead. As such, it is essential for consumers to remain vigilant and informed about the nutritional quality of the foods they choose, particularly when claims are involved.