Honeybees and other pollinators play a vital role in producing approximately one-third of the food and beverages we consume. These essential insects, including bees and butterflies, contribute to the growth of crops valued at around $24 billion. Pollinators are also crucial for the cultivation of plants like alfalfa and clover, which are consumed by cattle. Specifically, honeybee pollination is responsible for $15 billion in crops spanning over 130 varieties of fruits and vegetables.
However, exposure to pesticides is not the sole threat to these vital pollinators. A concerning trend known as colony collapse disorder has led to a significant decline in bee populations. In recent years, honey sales have surged, partly due to a rising consumer preference for natural sweeteners. Between 2011 and 2016, sugar sales in the U.S. fell by 16%, while honey sales increased by an impressive 57%. It is not surprising that most honey samples tested contain some level of pesticide. Consumers are likely to continue purchasing honey unless supply shortages inflate prices excessively. The presence of pesticides, particularly at levels deemed safe for human consumption, is unlikely to deter most buyers.
Last year, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services published findings from a two-year study highlighting the rapid decline of bee populations. Annual surveys conducted by U.S. beekeepers have revealed that about 29% of honeybee colonies have perished during winter months since 2006. In light of this issue, food companies are taking steps to raise awareness. Alex Placzek, the U.S. marketing director for Häagen-Dazs, noted that honeybees pollinate many of the ingredients used in their ice cream, bars, and sorbets, with around 40% of Häagen-Dazs flavors relying on bee-dependent ingredients.
Brands like Celestial Seasonings from Hain Celestial and Talenti, a Unilever brand, have teamed up with the Xerces Society, a non-profit organization dedicated to protecting bees. Whole Foods has initiated events such as “Human Bee-In” and “Give Bees A Chance” to promote awareness. Additionally, General Mills has collaborated with the USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Xerces Society in a five-year initiative aimed at restoring over 100,000 acres of pollinator habitat by 2021.
Earlier this year, the non-profit group Beyond Pesticides filed a lawsuit against Mott’s, claiming that the “natural” labeling on its applesauce products is misleading. The complaint argued that the presence of the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid should disqualify these products from being labeled “natural,” as such labeling misleads consumers into believing the products are free from synthetic substances. In the 21st century, the importance of maintaining healthy bee populations is more critical than ever, as these pollinators are essential for our food supply, including sources rich in calcium and vitamin D3.