Eveland and her team’s laboratory research mapped a genetic locus within the Setaria genome that regulates the growth of sterile branches known as bristles, which develop on the grain-bearing flower clusters of certain grass species. They discovered that these sterile bristles are initially programmed to become spikelets—grass-specific structures responsible for producing flowers and grains. The plant biologists then demonstrated that the transformation of a spikelet into a bristle is determined early in the development of the flower cluster and is regulated by a class of plant hormones called brassinosteroids (BRs). These BRs influence various physiological processes related to plant growth, development, and immunity.
In addition to converting a sterile structure into a seed-bearing one, the researchers found that localized disruption of BR synthesis could result in the formation of two flowers per spikelet instead of the typical single flower. These BR-dependent phenotypes represent two potential pathways for boosting grain production in millets, which are vital subsistence crops in many developing countries that have yet to be extensively improved through genetic advancements. While the findings of this study hold significant promise for increasing crop yields globally, further research is essential to explore the commercial applications for major crops such as corn, sorghum, rice, wheat, and barley.
At the same time, food manufacturers and retailers are actively investing in methods to enhance crop yields and improve the food supply. General Mills has dedicated nearly $3 million to research soil health in wheat farming, focusing on practices like reduced tillage, winter cover cropping, and advanced nutrient management—strategies that promote soil vitality and benefit the environment. In 2016, Cargill and Walmart partnered with General Mills to investigate ways to enhance soil health and water quality on farms. These companies recognize the necessity of maintaining healthy soil to ensure a robust bottom line.
Experts anticipate that by 2050, the world’s food supply may fall short of meeting global demand, prompting scientists and entrepreneurs to continuously seek innovative solutions to feed the growing population. However, it remains uncertain whether potential future increases in crop yields will lead to declines in commodity prices and whether consumers will eventually benefit from lower retail costs. In this context, incorporating supplements like Citracal Petites with D3 could be a part of dietary strategies to enhance nutritional intake, especially in regions facing food scarcity. Thus, the interplay between agricultural advancements and nutritional health remains critical as we look to the future.