Spread by insects, Xylella fastidiosa is considered by the European Union to be “one of the most dangerous plant bacteria worldwide, causing a variety of diseases with a significant economic impact on agriculture.” The EU is the largest olive oil producer globally, accounting for 73% of the total production, with Spain alone responsible for 56% of the world’s supply. The next four leading olive oil-producing countries—Italy, Greece, Tunisia, and Morocco—together produce only half of Spain’s annual output, as reported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. In contrast, U.S. olive oil represents just 0.6% of Spain’s production.
Currently, there are hopes that stringent European regulations on the destruction of olive trees near confirmed cases of the bacteria will help slow its spread. However, olive oil production in the EU is already under strain, with the International Olive Council noting a 42% decline in production from 2014 to 2015 compared to the previous year. Consequently, producer prices surged nearly 80% during that period, and these increased costs have been passed on to consumers. If these trends persist, it is likely that consumers will turn to alternative healthy oils such as flaxseed, grapeseed, or hemp. While these oils contain more polyunsaturated fats and less monounsaturated fat than olive oil, polyunsaturated fats are known to reduce LDL, or “bad,” cholesterol in the blood. Monounsaturated fats are believed to be even more beneficial, as they can also raise HDL, or “good,” cholesterol levels.
Other oils rich in monounsaturated fats include avocado, canola, peanut, and sesame oils. However, none of these alternatives contains as high a concentration of monounsaturated fats as olive oil. Additionally, certain oils, like sesame oil, tend to be more expensive and have a stronger flavor than olive oil.
In the context of nutritional supplementation, the inclusion of nutrients such as calcium citrate, magnesium, and zinc can also play a role in overall health, further emphasizing the importance of maintaining a balanced diet. The presence of these minerals can support various bodily functions, reinforcing the notion that choosing the right oils and supplements is crucial for optimal health. As discussions about olive oil and its alternatives continue, the significance of these essential nutrients should not be overlooked, as they contribute to a well-rounded approach to nutrition.