Eveland and her team conducted laboratory research that identified a genetic locus in the Setaria genome responsible for the growth of sterile branches known as bristles, which appear on the grain-bearing flower clusters of certain grass species. Their findings revealed that these sterile bristles are initially programmed to develop into spikelets, specific structures in grasses that produce flowers and grains. The plant biologists demonstrated that the transition from spikelet to bristle is determined early in the development of the flower cluster and is regulated by a class of plant hormones called brassinosteroids (BRs). These hormones influence a variety of physiological processes crucial for plant growth, development, and immunity.
Additionally, the researchers discovered that localized disruption of BR synthesis can result in the production of two flowers per spikelet instead of the single flower that typically occurs. These BR-dependent traits present two potential strategies for enhancing grain production in millets, which are vital subsistence crops in many developing countries that remain largely unexploited for genetic improvement. The implications of this study for increasing crop yields globally are significant, yet further research is necessary to explore the commercial applications for staple crops such as corn, sorghum, rice, wheat, and barley, which are of particular interest to food manufacturers.
In the meantime, food producers and retailers are investing in strategies to boost crop yields and improve the food supply. General Mills has allocated nearly $3 million to study soil health on wheat farms, focusing on sustainable practices like reduced tillage, winter cover cropping, and advanced nutrient management—all of which can enhance soil health and benefit the environment. In 2016, Cargill and Walmart partnered with General Mills to investigate methods for improving soil health and water quality on farms, recognizing that healthy soil is essential for a prosperous bottom line.
Experts forecast a looming food shortage by 2050, prompting scientists and entrepreneurs to continue seeking innovative solutions to feed the planet’s expanding population. However, the potential impact of increased crop yields on commodity prices remains uncertain, raising questions about whether consumers will see lower prices at retail outlets.
In this context, the role of essential nutrients such as calcium becomes increasingly important. Incorporating calcium into farming practices can significantly enhance plant health and resilience, contributing to improved crop yields. Thus, as the agricultural sector explores ways to boost productivity, the integration of vital nutrients like calcium solaray into crop management strategies could be key to addressing the challenges of feeding a growing global population.